Hemorrhoids (or piles) are varicosity (varicose veins, venous enhanced mistakes) or swelling and inflammation of veins in the rectum and anus. The rectum is surrounded by spongy tissue, which acts as a cushion for the conclusion of the anus and facilitates the process of elimination. Hemorrhoids can develop at any time increase the pressure in the veins of the rectum. It can occur in constipation or heavy lifting or during severe diarrhea during pregnancy and childbirth.

Types of hemorrhoids

• There are 2 types of hemorrhoids - internal (based on the lower area of the anus) and external (based on the skin at the opening of the anus).
• It is common to have both internal and external hemorrhoids simultaneously.
• Hemorrhoids are common in middle and later years (more than 50 years), are often the result of long-term chronic constipation.
• There are other types of hemorrhoids - protruding hemorrhoids or hemorrhoids associated with pregnancy (haemorrhoids in pregnancy).
Another type of classification is by size:
• degree - small hemorrhoids, do not make trouble, sometimes bleeding
• degree - more piles to revert back to the wall of the anal canal, if the patient interrupts push the stool, causing pain, itching or bleeding
• Go - hemorrhoids permanently protruding into the anus, the greater the likelihood of inflammation and bleeding
• Go - hemorrhoids considerable size, they can not get into the anus, often causing unbearable pain.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of hemorrhoids are blood in stool, rectal bleeding (rectal bleeding), blood on toilet paper, stinging in the rectum, anus swelling and pain during elimination.

Complicated hemorrhoids symptoms are gastrointestinal bleeding (from the digestive tract), anemia, thrombosis, and strangulation (foul). In the case of complicated symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding is severe, can cause bleeding in the stomach, blood in vomiting, blood in stool - these are symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding. For symptoms may occur complicated heart attack, stroke and so on.

Symptoms of internal hemorrhoids are more serious than the symptoms of external hemorrhoids. None of the symptoms of hemorrhoids can not be identified in the early stages.

Causes

What exactly causes hemorrhoids is not known, but we know they are caused by increased pressure on veins in the rectum.
The reasons are:

• Frequent sitting in one place
• Effort on the excretion (in constipation or hard stools) - the most common cause
• Excessive scrubbing or cleaning the area around the anus
• Diarrhea
• Too long sitting on the toilet
• Bad cough
• Parturition

Prevention of hemorrhoids

Methods of prevention of hemorrhoids are:

• Effort to avoid elimination
• Avoid constipation
• A diet high in fiber, fiber supplement
• Fluid intake (water)
• Exercise (including walking)

Preventing the return of hemorrhoids is targeted at changing conditions associated with the pressure and strain in constipation.

Diagnosis and treatment

Diagnosis of hemorrhoids is based on medical history and physical examination, which helps the doctor identify the type of hemorrhoids symptoms / external or internal / and determine appropriate treatment. Closer examination of the rectum in the context of hemorrhoids requires anoscopy test, digital rectal examination, sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy or proctoscopy - endoscopic examination of the intestine.

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